1 00:00:19,960 --> 00:00:16,609 why did you want to be an astronaut in 2 00:00:22,760 --> 00:00:19,970 reality I never took the decision to 3 00:00:25,690 --> 00:00:22,770 become an astronaut it just happened and 4 00:00:29,269 --> 00:00:25,700 the way it happened was a coincidence 5 00:00:31,939 --> 00:00:29,279 obviously since I was a child I always 6 00:00:35,479 --> 00:00:31,949 was thinking with great interest about 7 00:00:39,009 --> 00:00:35,489 flying aircraft or flying space but I 8 00:00:43,610 --> 00:00:39,019 never thought was going to be any 9 00:00:46,039 --> 00:00:43,620 possible one day the way for me the 10 00:00:49,759 --> 00:00:46,049 opportunity arrived was through the 11 00:00:53,840 --> 00:00:49,769 Italian Air Force in fact I I went to 12 00:00:57,109 --> 00:00:53,850 the Academy I became pilot here in the 13 00:00:59,810 --> 00:00:57,119 US research Force Base Lubbock Texas now 14 00:01:04,579 --> 00:00:59,820 the base is closed there was the year 89 15 00:01:08,060 --> 00:01:04,589 and then I came back in 95 at Patuxent 16 00:01:10,160 --> 00:01:08,070 River for the test pilot school and at 17 00:01:12,170 --> 00:01:10,170 the end of the test pilot school it is 18 00:01:15,109 --> 00:01:12,180 tradition that the school takes it to at 19 00:01:19,160 --> 00:01:15,119 NASA and I was with them and I remember 20 00:01:23,390 --> 00:01:19,170 coming here with my class my TPS class 21 00:01:25,280 --> 00:01:23,400 and all my colleagues American 22 00:01:27,500 --> 00:01:25,290 colleagues were thinking about becoming 23 00:01:31,700 --> 00:01:27,510 an astronaut and I was thinking bad luck 24 00:01:34,880 --> 00:01:31,710 that we are not us obviously in Italy is 25 00:01:37,730 --> 00:01:34,890 not that easy to have opportunities for 26 00:01:42,260 --> 00:01:37,740 astronauts so differently from the US 27 00:01:44,180 --> 00:01:42,270 were every other year or routinely you 28 00:01:46,910 --> 00:01:44,190 have a new class of astronauts for us is 29 00:01:49,940 --> 00:01:46,920 kind of very rare unique opportunity I 30 00:01:52,910 --> 00:01:49,950 never thought that that opportunity 31 00:01:57,649 --> 00:01:52,920 would have been available to me then I 32 00:02:00,680 --> 00:01:57,659 went back after my TPS test pilot school 33 00:02:02,450 --> 00:02:00,690 I went back to Italy in the two years 34 00:02:05,570 --> 00:02:02,460 later here it is the Italian space 35 00:02:09,080 --> 00:02:05,580 agency was looking for two astronauts I 36 00:02:11,410 --> 00:02:09,090 applied and I got selected together with 37 00:02:14,809 --> 00:02:11,420 my friend and colleague paolo nespoli 38 00:02:16,910 --> 00:02:14,819 only take you back to your childhood 39 00:02:19,250 --> 00:02:16,920 tell me about your hometown and what it 40 00:02:21,559 --> 00:02:19,260 was like for you growing up you need I 41 00:02:26,270 --> 00:02:21,569 grew up in a very small town 42 00:02:31,190 --> 00:02:26,280 very small the name is Bo martha boo 43 00:02:37,129 --> 00:02:31,200 Martha in his original originally the 44 00:02:40,179 --> 00:02:37,139 name meant city of Mars very small in 45 00:02:43,220 --> 00:02:40,189 the middle of a beautiful forest 46 00:02:47,659 --> 00:02:43,230 countryside and I grew up playing soccer 47 00:02:52,429 --> 00:02:47,669 outside my my school I was very good in 48 00:02:54,830 --> 00:02:52,439 defense and and there was a and and then 49 00:02:59,209 --> 00:02:54,840 I was I loved playing the boots meet 50 00:03:05,929 --> 00:02:59,219 with my friends and that has been my my 51 00:03:09,830 --> 00:03:05,939 childhood then when I I reached the age 52 00:03:13,069 --> 00:03:09,840 of the decision after after my I school 53 00:03:17,379 --> 00:03:13,079 I decided to to start to study physics 54 00:03:23,409 --> 00:03:17,389 so i left my small town and that remains 55 00:03:28,189 --> 00:03:23,419 every time in my in my thoughts and my 56 00:03:32,869 --> 00:03:28,199 parents still live there and as a 57 00:03:35,839 --> 00:03:32,879 coincidence there is a very in the 58 00:03:38,839 --> 00:03:35,849 italian cities especially those small 59 00:03:42,349 --> 00:03:38,849 seed is there is a tradition there is 60 00:03:45,229 --> 00:03:42,359 one special day that is the festivity of 61 00:03:47,990 --> 00:03:45,239 the city and that special day is the 62 00:03:51,319 --> 00:03:48,000 24th of april my first spaceflight I 63 00:03:54,949 --> 00:03:51,329 flaw in April exactly around the 24th 64 00:03:58,249 --> 00:03:54,959 saw the second apparently I will fly in 65 00:04:00,800 --> 00:03:58,259 April also for sts-134 and that 66 00:04:03,409 --> 00:04:00,810 obviously keep me very much linked with 67 00:04:06,589 --> 00:04:03,419 my origins did you get a chance to see 68 00:04:12,379 --> 00:04:06,599 it from space on your previous wine that 69 00:04:17,620 --> 00:04:12,389 is a good question because they my city 70 00:04:20,959 --> 00:04:17,630 my source mall that is impossible to 71 00:04:23,659 --> 00:04:20,969 clearly identify it I was able to 72 00:04:27,140 --> 00:04:23,669 identify other geographical contour and 73 00:04:30,950 --> 00:04:27,150 take a picture in the middle hoping to 74 00:04:34,279 --> 00:04:30,960 get my small village in it unfortunately 75 00:04:35,390 --> 00:04:34,289 the clouds didn't succeed so i will get 76 00:04:38,060 --> 00:04:35,400 another try this 77 00:04:40,939 --> 00:04:38,070 I do you have a feeling that that place 78 00:04:42,640 --> 00:04:40,949 and those people they're hip helped make 79 00:04:48,310 --> 00:04:42,650 you the person that you are today I 80 00:04:53,029 --> 00:04:48,320 spent 18 years in that little town and 81 00:04:57,200 --> 00:04:53,039 obviously I bring with me many lesson 82 00:05:00,230 --> 00:04:57,210 learned from my childhood playing in the 83 00:05:05,080 --> 00:05:00,240 woods staying in the middle of the 84 00:05:11,810 --> 00:05:05,090 nature in the something that I believe I 85 00:05:15,080 --> 00:05:11,820 brought with me in space is to assess 86 00:05:19,400 --> 00:05:15,090 this very strange sensation in comparing 87 00:05:23,890 --> 00:05:19,410 technology with nature in judging or 88 00:05:26,839 --> 00:05:23,900 pondering the future with the past and 89 00:05:30,890 --> 00:05:26,849 obviously to start from a small village 90 00:05:34,909 --> 00:05:30,900 in the go for this very special part 91 00:05:37,850 --> 00:05:34,919 that got me through the Italian Air 92 00:05:39,920 --> 00:05:37,860 Force to become a pilot and then a test 93 00:05:43,100 --> 00:05:39,930 pilot and then the Italian space agency 94 00:05:45,439 --> 00:05:43,110 European Space Agency and astronaut to 95 00:05:47,689 --> 00:05:45,449 fly to the International Space Station 96 00:05:51,469 --> 00:05:47,699 to have an opportunity to see the earth 97 00:05:53,870 --> 00:05:51,479 from space and then to learn to go back 98 00:05:56,750 --> 00:05:53,880 to go back to the small village to go 99 00:06:00,670 --> 00:05:56,760 back to the region obviously all this is 100 00:06:05,480 --> 00:06:00,680 making to fill you a very strong 101 00:06:08,089 --> 00:06:05,490 motivation to continue to look for the 102 00:06:13,070 --> 00:06:08,099 future to build the future for for 103 00:06:17,120 --> 00:06:13,080 myself for my children for all of us but 104 00:06:21,980 --> 00:06:17,130 also a very strong feeling and sensation 105 00:06:24,800 --> 00:06:21,990 of the importance of who we are and all 106 00:06:30,439 --> 00:06:24,810 the little things that are around us and 107 00:06:36,290 --> 00:06:30,449 some time we don't properly evaluate so 108 00:06:40,129 --> 00:06:36,300 I I will continue to work for for the 109 00:06:44,570 --> 00:06:40,139 future bringing and taking with me every 110 00:06:47,540 --> 00:06:44,580 time my my roots and my origins the part 111 00:06:49,050 --> 00:06:47,550 of your job that you're Baptist to take 112 00:06:51,900 --> 00:06:49,060 on the flying in space 113 00:06:54,420 --> 00:06:51,910 of being an astronaut is a part that we 114 00:06:56,340 --> 00:06:54,430 know can be dangerous so Roberto I'm 115 00:06:58,680 --> 00:06:56,350 interested to know what is it that you 116 00:07:01,860 --> 00:06:58,690 think that we get or what do we learn as 117 00:07:05,310 --> 00:07:01,870 a result applying people in space that 118 00:07:08,730 --> 00:07:05,320 makes it worth taking that risk risk is 119 00:07:12,600 --> 00:07:08,740 a is a link the word risk with 120 00:07:16,020 --> 00:07:12,610 probability there is a probability of 121 00:07:20,760 --> 00:07:16,030 something that could go wrong anything 122 00:07:22,890 --> 00:07:20,770 that you do in life so I I do not 123 00:07:24,930 --> 00:07:22,900 necessarily concentrate on the risk 124 00:07:28,050 --> 00:07:24,940 associated with spaceflight especially 125 00:07:32,659 --> 00:07:28,060 because living with NASA working with 126 00:07:38,210 --> 00:07:32,669 NASA I see that the there is a 127 00:07:44,250 --> 00:07:38,220 systematic approach to protect the 128 00:07:47,730 --> 00:07:44,260 safety of space flights and i i i would 129 00:07:50,340 --> 00:07:47,740 consider how inclined to consider this 130 00:07:54,450 --> 00:07:50,350 incredible effort of the nasa community 131 00:07:57,180 --> 00:07:54,460 as reducing the risk associated with 132 00:08:01,380 --> 00:07:57,190 space flight to the minimum possible so 133 00:08:03,659 --> 00:08:01,390 I feel perfectly at ease in getting 134 00:08:06,300 --> 00:08:03,669 ready to climb on the on the rocket of 135 00:08:12,650 --> 00:08:06,310 the shuttle and fly to the International 136 00:08:18,150 --> 00:08:15,090 Roberta you're a member of the shuttle 137 00:08:20,040 --> 00:08:18,160 mission sts-134 crew could you summarize 138 00:08:22,230 --> 00:08:20,050 the overall goals of your flight and 139 00:08:24,990 --> 00:08:22,240 tell me what your main responsibilities 140 00:08:28,680 --> 00:08:25,000 are going to be 134 is almost 141 00:08:33,560 --> 00:08:28,690 unbelievable today to realize that I am 142 00:08:36,300 --> 00:08:33,570 here ready to fly on sts-134 in fact 143 00:08:40,529 --> 00:08:36,310 there is a long story behind my 144 00:08:44,640 --> 00:08:40,539 assignment that goes back with my in my 145 00:08:47,700 --> 00:08:44,650 region I was initially student I was 146 00:08:50,390 --> 00:08:47,710 trying to get a major in physics and 147 00:08:54,300 --> 00:08:50,400 then at a certain point I switched my 148 00:08:55,980 --> 00:08:54,310 pad and they went and became a pilot and 149 00:08:58,830 --> 00:08:55,990 the new test pilot with the Dragon Air 150 00:09:02,310 --> 00:08:58,840 Force but my passion for physics 151 00:09:05,220 --> 00:09:02,320 continue all along and soon after I 152 00:09:08,610 --> 00:09:05,230 achieved my degree as a test pilot I 153 00:09:12,080 --> 00:09:08,620 went back and complete my degree at the 154 00:09:17,040 --> 00:09:12,090 University that was in perugia and I 155 00:09:20,880 --> 00:09:17,050 finished my studies and ironically my 156 00:09:23,220 --> 00:09:20,890 teacher was a professor Battistone that 157 00:09:28,140 --> 00:09:23,230 is the deputy chief of the ims 158 00:09:31,380 --> 00:09:28,150 experiment so after this long career Air 159 00:09:34,590 --> 00:09:31,390 Force and then NASA I started with 160 00:09:36,570 --> 00:09:34,600 nothing 98 I find myself on possibly 161 00:09:38,870 --> 00:09:36,580 what could be the last flight and with 162 00:09:44,280 --> 00:09:38,880 onboard the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer 163 00:09:48,120 --> 00:09:44,290 that is the merging of my passions 164 00:09:52,590 --> 00:09:48,130 physics and flying flying aircraft are 165 00:09:55,130 --> 00:09:52,600 flying in space and in this case you're 166 00:09:57,690 --> 00:09:55,140 going to the space station with this 167 00:09:59,430 --> 00:09:57,700 european hardware you're even going to 168 00:10:01,890 --> 00:09:59,440 arrive at the station and find a fellow 169 00:10:04,100 --> 00:10:01,900 european astronaut to fellow countryman 170 00:10:06,090 --> 00:10:04,110 paolo nespoli who's going to be there 171 00:10:07,740 --> 00:10:06,100 you have any thoughts about the 172 00:10:09,750 --> 00:10:07,750 significance of having two 173 00:10:11,790 --> 00:10:09,760 representatives of the European and 174 00:10:14,970 --> 00:10:11,800 Italian space agency with paul i have 175 00:10:17,280 --> 00:10:14,980 another very peculiar and special 176 00:10:20,460 --> 00:10:17,290 coincidence we started in fact together 177 00:10:23,010 --> 00:10:20,470 in 98 and between the two of us every 178 00:10:25,170 --> 00:10:23,020 time there was a competition obviously 179 00:10:25,890 --> 00:10:25,180 were in the same class but Italians but 180 00:10:31,740 --> 00:10:25,900 on the central 181 00:10:35,100 --> 00:10:31,750 back so the wedding's went I soon after 182 00:10:37,980 --> 00:10:35,110 completed my NASA training I went and 183 00:10:40,860 --> 00:10:37,990 the opportunity to fly in Russia there 184 00:10:44,580 --> 00:10:40,870 was 2002 and then a second time in 185 00:10:46,860 --> 00:10:44,590 Russian 2005 power instead at the 186 00:10:49,650 --> 00:10:46,870 privilege to fly with the shuttle on 187 00:10:52,800 --> 00:10:49,660 sts-1 to any and the year we are switch 188 00:10:55,500 --> 00:10:52,810 inside now Paolo as we speak is in 189 00:10:59,280 --> 00:10:55,510 Russia ready to launch on the forest 190 00:11:03,180 --> 00:10:59,290 expedition and here i am in line to fly 191 00:11:04,940 --> 00:11:03,190 on sts-1 24 and we'll meet in space that 192 00:11:07,860 --> 00:11:04,950 is unique it's a beautiful opportunity 193 00:11:10,080 --> 00:11:07,870 we started together and we converge 194 00:11:12,540 --> 00:11:10,090 together on board of the station and I 195 00:11:14,190 --> 00:11:12,550 probably shows the maturity of the 196 00:11:16,130 --> 00:11:14,200 european space program then i'll have 197 00:11:19,410 --> 00:11:16,140 two astronauts in space together 198 00:11:21,270 --> 00:11:19,420 obviously the other situation that the 199 00:11:24,810 --> 00:11:21,280 light when the line is back in 98 when I 200 00:11:27,630 --> 00:11:24,820 got selected was also the year that the 201 00:11:29,900 --> 00:11:27,640 European astronaut court was born at 202 00:11:32,640 --> 00:11:29,910 that time where if i recall correctly 16 203 00:11:34,920 --> 00:11:32,650 many different nationalities we have 204 00:11:37,010 --> 00:11:34,930 been working together now we have a six 205 00:11:40,110 --> 00:11:37,020 units turnouts in the new class and 206 00:11:43,890 --> 00:11:40,120 obviously to have the opportunity for 207 00:11:46,770 --> 00:11:43,900 the year 2011 to have two european 208 00:11:49,460 --> 00:11:46,780 astronaut but of italian nationality is 209 00:11:52,200 --> 00:11:49,470 something that for sure make me proud 210 00:11:53,400 --> 00:11:52,210 one of the most important experiments is 211 00:11:55,740 --> 00:11:53,410 being delivered to the space station 212 00:11:57,780 --> 00:11:55,750 certainly on your flight is the alpha 213 00:12:00,540 --> 00:11:57,790 magnetic spectrometer which you refer to 214 00:12:03,630 --> 00:12:00,550 a minute ago let me get you to fill that 215 00:12:06,600 --> 00:12:03,640 Ian forest tell me about the AMS and 216 00:12:10,380 --> 00:12:06,610 what it does in space Alpha Magnetic 217 00:12:14,190 --> 00:12:10,390 Spectrometer for me is obviously as it 218 00:12:16,890 --> 00:12:14,200 very specific importance with my role in 219 00:12:20,190 --> 00:12:16,900 space i will be our one that means that 220 00:12:23,010 --> 00:12:20,200 i will have the responsibility with the 221 00:12:27,830 --> 00:12:23,020 shuttle robotic arm to take it from the 222 00:12:31,260 --> 00:12:27,840 payload bay and offer to the station but 223 00:12:34,440 --> 00:12:31,270 behind that specific operational tasks 224 00:12:37,620 --> 00:12:34,450 there is a very long history i started 225 00:12:39,600 --> 00:12:37,630 the studying physics not only that my 226 00:12:42,180 --> 00:12:39,610 interest was antimatter 227 00:12:45,000 --> 00:12:42,190 antimatter is something very special 228 00:12:47,370 --> 00:12:45,010 when matter and antimatter meet with 229 00:12:49,860 --> 00:12:47,380 each other they know each other and they 230 00:12:53,759 --> 00:12:49,870 create a huge amount of energy one of 231 00:12:56,250 --> 00:12:53,769 the most most deep secret of the 232 00:12:59,040 --> 00:12:56,260 universe is why in our universe we see 233 00:13:02,639 --> 00:12:59,050 matter and not antimatter with this in 234 00:13:05,190 --> 00:13:02,649 mind I started about 20 25 years ago to 235 00:13:08,190 --> 00:13:05,200 study physics to think about space to 236 00:13:10,380 --> 00:13:08,200 think about the universe and the 237 00:13:14,910 --> 00:13:10,390 specific of the search of the antimatter 238 00:13:18,660 --> 00:13:14,920 was one of my main and deep interest it 239 00:13:21,000 --> 00:13:18,670 may appear as a very strange coincidence 240 00:13:23,880 --> 00:13:21,010 that today I will be the one to take 241 00:13:26,430 --> 00:13:23,890 this unique piece of hardware take it 242 00:13:28,680 --> 00:13:26,440 from the Bay of the shadow and give it 243 00:13:34,710 --> 00:13:28,690 to install on on the station and 244 00:13:37,800 --> 00:13:34,720 throughout my studies despite my Air 245 00:13:40,410 --> 00:13:37,810 Force career got me more than once off 246 00:13:43,440 --> 00:13:40,420 track from studying physics I always 247 00:13:45,590 --> 00:13:43,450 have remained with this deep interest 248 00:13:48,449 --> 00:13:45,600 for the mystery of the universe 249 00:13:52,230 --> 00:13:48,459 something else that I like to underline 250 00:13:56,639 --> 00:13:52,240 is this unique piece of device that is 251 00:13:57,920 --> 00:13:56,649 hi ms Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer it is 252 00:14:02,130 --> 00:13:57,930 something that we don't know exactly 253 00:14:05,040 --> 00:14:02,140 what will give it to us in fact he has 254 00:14:10,439 --> 00:14:05,050 flown already once back in if I am not 255 00:14:13,800 --> 00:14:10,449 mistaken back in 1998 and in that case 256 00:14:16,470 --> 00:14:13,810 we could not find any trace of 257 00:14:18,990 --> 00:14:16,480 antimatter so the other question remains 258 00:14:21,870 --> 00:14:19,000 whether we'll be able to find something 259 00:14:26,130 --> 00:14:21,880 this second time around keeping the 260 00:14:29,790 --> 00:14:26,140 experiment for years in space because 261 00:14:31,500 --> 00:14:29,800 when the first time a mass flow it was 262 00:14:34,319 --> 00:14:31,510 only for the duration of the shuttle 263 00:14:36,930 --> 00:14:34,329 spaceflight was only for about weeks now 264 00:14:39,960 --> 00:14:36,940 we'll have more time and we'll we'll be 265 00:14:42,900 --> 00:14:39,970 able to find trace of antimatter and if 266 00:14:45,449 --> 00:14:42,910 not maybe we can we'll be able to unfold 267 00:14:48,510 --> 00:14:45,459 them another another secret of the 268 00:14:51,030 --> 00:14:48,520 universe that currently our scientists 269 00:14:52,140 --> 00:14:51,040 are facing what they call dark matter or 270 00:14:55,830 --> 00:14:52,150 dark energy 271 00:15:01,890 --> 00:14:55,840 in simple words apparently our universe 272 00:15:06,080 --> 00:15:01,900 is not they were the way we looks if we 273 00:15:09,200 --> 00:15:06,090 do calculations of motions of our galaxy 274 00:15:14,040 --> 00:15:09,210 there must be something else some other 275 00:15:17,280 --> 00:15:14,050 huge mass or huge source of energy that 276 00:15:20,070 --> 00:15:17,290 would not see neither with our eyes nor 277 00:15:24,030 --> 00:15:20,080 with our instruments if there will be 278 00:15:27,210 --> 00:15:24,040 true maybe AMS will be able to detect 279 00:15:30,660 --> 00:15:27,220 some of direct or indirect effect are 280 00:15:34,530 --> 00:15:30,670 the presence of such energy and such a 281 00:15:38,370 --> 00:15:34,540 mass and looking to perspective those 282 00:15:41,130 --> 00:15:38,380 are the real questions that I hope we 283 00:15:44,340 --> 00:15:41,140 could give a contribution to unfold how 284 00:15:46,350 --> 00:15:44,350 does AMS how is it designed to do that 285 00:15:51,450 --> 00:15:46,360 what does it do once you've installed it 286 00:15:56,120 --> 00:15:51,460 on the stage aya NASA is a very complex 287 00:16:00,000 --> 00:15:56,130 device that has the capability to detect 288 00:16:04,740 --> 00:16:00,010 particles or antiparticles when a 289 00:16:07,020 --> 00:16:04,750 particle goes through IMS there are a 290 00:16:09,180 --> 00:16:07,030 number of sensors and devices that are 291 00:16:14,940 --> 00:16:09,190 capable to recognize the type of 292 00:16:18,870 --> 00:16:14,950 particle the energy and in then working 293 00:16:22,590 --> 00:16:18,880 on that data we will be able to 294 00:16:27,080 --> 00:16:22,600 scientist we will be able to understand 295 00:16:30,600 --> 00:16:27,090 where this particle was coming from and 296 00:16:34,590 --> 00:16:30,610 which kind of information is bringing to 297 00:16:36,750 --> 00:16:34,600 us after maybe many years or thousand of 298 00:16:40,530 --> 00:16:36,760 years of travel throughout the universe 299 00:16:43,830 --> 00:16:40,540 so in other words the AMS alpha magnetic 300 00:16:48,420 --> 00:16:43,840 spectrometer in a way could be compared 301 00:16:51,450 --> 00:16:48,430 using a very simple image like like 302 00:16:54,900 --> 00:16:51,460 maybe a lens with a lens we can see what 303 00:16:58,490 --> 00:16:54,910 is very small in a way i am a sea salt 304 00:17:02,730 --> 00:16:58,500 also sort of lines that is capable to 305 00:17:05,070 --> 00:17:02,740 give an identity a name in history an 306 00:17:05,760 --> 00:17:05,080 interpretation to those small particles 307 00:17:08,850 --> 00:17:05,770 that are 308 00:17:12,000 --> 00:17:08,860 are bombarding our planets from many 309 00:17:14,460 --> 00:17:12,010 distant place of the universe can you 310 00:17:17,130 --> 00:17:14,470 characterize for the non physicists 311 00:17:19,860 --> 00:17:17,140 among us what is the significance of 312 00:17:22,500 --> 00:17:19,870 what it may find in searching for for 313 00:17:25,470 --> 00:17:22,510 dark matter and antimatter the 314 00:17:28,590 --> 00:17:25,480 significance is to start to have a 315 00:17:33,720 --> 00:17:28,600 little bit more awareness of who we are 316 00:17:36,960 --> 00:17:33,730 one of the fundamental question is from 317 00:17:40,380 --> 00:17:36,970 where our universe is coming the Big 318 00:17:41,790 --> 00:17:40,390 Bang if the Big Bang is true why there 319 00:17:45,090 --> 00:17:41,800 is no symmetry between matter and 320 00:17:49,110 --> 00:17:45,100 antimatter the other most more recent 321 00:17:50,790 --> 00:17:49,120 question is if the universe is not all 322 00:17:53,160 --> 00:17:50,800 that we see but there is something that 323 00:17:56,310 --> 00:17:53,170 is dark buying the scenes that we cannot 324 00:17:59,790 --> 00:17:56,320 see or measure what is the meaning of it 325 00:18:02,970 --> 00:17:59,800 so those are very fundamental questions 326 00:18:05,190 --> 00:18:02,980 that I have a huge impact in an hour 327 00:18:09,450 --> 00:18:05,200 understanding on who we are and where we 328 00:18:11,430 --> 00:18:09,460 are going an AMS has quite a strong 329 00:18:13,230 --> 00:18:11,440 European pedigree in terms of the 330 00:18:17,900 --> 00:18:13,240 hardware and and the background of the 331 00:18:21,480 --> 00:18:17,910 experiment doesn't it IMS obviously is 332 00:18:25,020 --> 00:18:21,490 under one name something Nobel Prize for 333 00:18:28,170 --> 00:18:25,030 Physics and he has being the leader of 334 00:18:31,410 --> 00:18:28,180 the first IMS and the second Europe is 335 00:18:33,660 --> 00:18:31,420 giving offering a huge bill significant 336 00:18:36,480 --> 00:18:33,670 contribution Italy if I am not mistaken 337 00:18:40,230 --> 00:18:36,490 is one of the major contributor maybe 338 00:18:43,590 --> 00:18:40,240 the second and obviously this is 339 00:18:45,300 --> 00:18:43,600 underlining our participation and 340 00:18:47,820 --> 00:18:45,310 contribution not only to the 341 00:18:50,040 --> 00:18:47,830 international space station but also to 342 00:18:51,660 --> 00:18:50,050 the science and bored of it you 343 00:18:54,240 --> 00:18:51,670 mentioned a couple of minutes ago that 344 00:18:56,940 --> 00:18:54,250 you will be the arm operator the shuttle 345 00:18:58,680 --> 00:18:56,950 arm operator for the installation of AMS 346 00:19:01,050 --> 00:18:58,690 can you tell me a little bit more about 347 00:19:02,820 --> 00:19:01,060 the procedure for getting it out of the 348 00:19:05,070 --> 00:19:02,830 payload Bay and installed up on the 349 00:19:09,120 --> 00:19:05,080 station trust the procedure is very 350 00:19:11,640 --> 00:19:09,130 simple the complexity is how to operate 351 00:19:14,940 --> 00:19:11,650 the arm to achieve that objective the 352 00:19:18,240 --> 00:19:14,950 procedure is simple is simply the AMS is 353 00:19:19,100 --> 00:19:18,250 in the bay and the arm operator that is 354 00:19:22,100 --> 00:19:19,110 a mechanical 355 00:19:25,820 --> 00:19:22,110 it just as the responsibility to grab it 356 00:19:29,000 --> 00:19:25,830 and then I release it and then I read it 357 00:19:32,660 --> 00:19:29,010 up an offer to the international space 358 00:19:35,390 --> 00:19:32,670 station operator that by the way is our 359 00:19:37,820 --> 00:19:35,400 pilot is a Gregory Johnson boxes 360 00:19:40,640 --> 00:19:37,830 nickname he will be on the station side 361 00:19:44,600 --> 00:19:40,650 it will be operating the station arm so 362 00:19:48,650 --> 00:19:44,610 you will be some kind of seconds in 363 00:19:50,840 --> 00:19:48,660 space and I will be offering AMS it will 364 00:19:53,180 --> 00:19:50,850 be taking it and install it installing 365 00:19:56,299 --> 00:19:53,190 on on the trust of the International 366 00:20:03,350 --> 00:19:56,309 Space Station it's another symbolic but 367 00:20:06,680 --> 00:20:03,360 very very much significant picture image 368 00:20:10,280 --> 00:20:06,690 that is underlining a cooperation in 369 00:20:12,350 --> 00:20:10,290 space during this mission then your crew 370 00:20:14,030 --> 00:20:12,360 time on the International Space Station 371 00:20:16,010 --> 00:20:14,040 there'll be some spacewalks going on 372 00:20:18,230 --> 00:20:16,020 there'll be cargill that will be moving 373 00:20:21,409 --> 00:20:18,240 back and forth a standard sort of 374 00:20:23,000 --> 00:20:21,419 mission profile that's laid out who to 375 00:20:25,280 --> 00:20:23,010 keep the International Space Station 376 00:20:28,760 --> 00:20:25,290 going on behalf of the international 377 00:20:31,130 --> 00:20:28,770 partners and sts-134 is the last 378 00:20:34,370 --> 00:20:31,140 scheduled flight of shuttle endeavour 379 00:20:37,250 --> 00:20:34,380 your ship what are your thoughts about 380 00:20:39,440 --> 00:20:37,260 this space shuttles place in the history 381 00:20:41,240 --> 00:20:39,450 of human space flight in and how the 382 00:20:45,020 --> 00:20:41,250 work of the shuttle program is going to 383 00:20:48,549 --> 00:20:45,030 be remembered you mentioned EBA I will 384 00:20:50,950 --> 00:20:48,559 not be involved in a VA and that's a 385 00:20:53,570 --> 00:20:50,960 motivation for me to start maybe 386 00:20:56,560 --> 00:20:53,580 considering something else for for my 387 00:20:59,390 --> 00:20:56,570 future I had already to spaceflight 388 00:21:01,430 --> 00:20:59,400 opportunities on this I use looking 389 00:21:06,590 --> 00:21:01,440 forward to fly on the shuttle I have a 390 00:21:10,100 --> 00:21:06,600 knot never done any VA so thinking about 391 00:21:12,890 --> 00:21:10,110 my my possible future obviously there 392 00:21:15,110 --> 00:21:12,900 would be a unique experience that maybe 393 00:21:18,230 --> 00:21:15,120 I would have a chance in the future to 394 00:21:22,210 --> 00:21:18,240 try myself thinking about the shadow the 395 00:21:26,360 --> 00:21:22,220 future of the shadow we all know that 396 00:21:29,210 --> 00:21:26,370 the sts-134 may be one of the last if 397 00:21:34,700 --> 00:21:29,220 not the last space flight 398 00:21:37,010 --> 00:21:34,710 the I I feel in a way missing something 399 00:21:39,890 --> 00:21:37,020 when it when I started thinking about 400 00:21:42,620 --> 00:21:39,900 the shuttle retiring because the future 401 00:21:45,770 --> 00:21:42,630 I am a pilot and a test pilot the Future 402 00:21:48,110 --> 00:21:45,780 of flying aircraft cannot be anything 403 00:21:50,600 --> 00:21:48,120 else than flying higher and faster 404 00:21:54,200 --> 00:21:50,610 similarly to what the shuttle is doing 405 00:21:58,220 --> 00:21:54,210 so future hypersonic aircraft and 406 00:22:02,029 --> 00:21:58,230 spacecraft will very much be similar to 407 00:22:04,970 --> 00:22:02,039 the way the shuttle is similar to the 408 00:22:08,510 --> 00:22:04,980 way the shuttle flies so in seeing the 409 00:22:12,770 --> 00:22:08,520 shuttle retiring without seeing what cam 410 00:22:14,899 --> 00:22:12,780 next seems that is missing something so 411 00:22:18,590 --> 00:22:14,909 i look with anticipation to read on the 412 00:22:21,470 --> 00:22:18,600 newspaper to the future projects that i 413 00:22:26,149 --> 00:22:21,480 know that are all there we know how to 414 00:22:30,529 --> 00:22:26,159 fly I / sonic aircraft in a aerospace on 415 00:22:34,940 --> 00:22:30,539 in space and I feel that the time is 416 00:22:37,720 --> 00:22:34,950 mature to go beyond the 15,000 feet and 417 00:22:40,700 --> 00:22:37,730 the typical speed of a current aircraft 418 00:22:43,130 --> 00:22:40,710 i look with anticipation with the day 419 00:22:45,980 --> 00:22:43,140 the transportation future generation 420 00:22:48,470 --> 00:22:45,990 will will will arrive and the retiring 421 00:22:52,549 --> 00:22:48,480 of the shuttle is only a temporary 422 00:22:55,880 --> 00:22:52,559 interruption of a very exciting future 423 00:22:58,159 --> 00:22:55,890 that is about to happen while we got you 424 00:23:00,440 --> 00:22:58,169 on the subject of history I also note 425 00:23:02,659 --> 00:23:00,450 that you'll be flying this mission there 426 00:23:05,419 --> 00:23:02,669 in roughly the same period of time as 427 00:23:08,060 --> 00:23:05,429 the 50th anniversary of the first human 428 00:23:10,220 --> 00:23:08,070 spaceflight by yuri gagarin as well as 429 00:23:13,039 --> 00:23:10,230 the 30th anniversary of the first space 430 00:23:16,789 --> 00:23:13,049 shuttle flight what are your thoughts 431 00:23:19,310 --> 00:23:16,799 about being on orbit yourself so close 432 00:23:22,570 --> 00:23:19,320 to these milestones in human space 433 00:23:30,889 --> 00:23:27,349 you know it's a there is a mixed feeling 434 00:23:36,440 --> 00:23:30,899 if you think about you are in space on 435 00:23:38,479 --> 00:23:36,450 such important anniversary in a way you 436 00:23:41,779 --> 00:23:38,489 have a sensation that the time goes by 437 00:23:44,629 --> 00:23:41,789 very very very quickly on the other side 438 00:23:48,529 --> 00:23:44,639 you look at the future with excitement 439 00:23:51,940 --> 00:23:48,539 because 50 years is nothing and 440 00:23:54,680 --> 00:23:51,950 therefore if we try to judge what ow 441 00:23:57,529 --> 00:23:54,690 huge are the progresses that we have 442 00:24:00,019 --> 00:23:57,539 done in the last 50 years and you 443 00:24:04,549 --> 00:24:00,029 project yourself to the next 50 years I 444 00:24:07,159 --> 00:24:04,559 have three kids and obviously I continue 445 00:24:10,820 --> 00:24:07,169 to try to motivate them to be involved 446 00:24:12,589 --> 00:24:10,830 in technology in space because that's my 447 00:24:16,879 --> 00:24:12,599 future their future the future of 448 00:24:19,999 --> 00:24:16,889 humanity let me ask you about that 50 449 00:24:22,609 --> 00:24:20,009 years in the future then if we've come 450 00:24:24,649 --> 00:24:22,619 this far in the past 50 years where do 451 00:24:28,940 --> 00:24:24,659 you think we will be 50 years from now 452 00:24:31,339 --> 00:24:28,950 my personal bat is on an aerospace as I 453 00:24:34,700 --> 00:24:31,349 was saying I would be inclined to 454 00:24:39,049 --> 00:24:34,710 consider the next technological back 455 00:24:42,320 --> 00:24:39,059 through to allow for engine capability 456 00:24:46,159 --> 00:24:42,330 and the flying capability for machines 457 00:24:49,519 --> 00:24:46,169 to become hypersonic vehicles so to 458 00:24:54,079 --> 00:24:49,529 reduce time to go from one place to the 459 00:24:57,320 --> 00:24:54,089 other alert increase options for 460 00:25:00,019 --> 00:24:57,330 commercial initiatives back and forth 461 00:25:04,129 --> 00:25:00,029 from the low Earth orbit something that 462 00:25:07,089 --> 00:25:04,139 we are already witnessing and that would 463 00:25:11,060 --> 00:25:07,099 be the area where I would personally be 464 00:25:13,339 --> 00:25:11,070 mostly interested in and I would be 465 00:25:16,909 --> 00:25:13,349 personally concentrating my my mental 466 00:25:19,909 --> 00:25:16,919 energy and my resources obviously i also 467 00:25:24,499 --> 00:25:19,919 look with great interest anything that 468 00:25:27,950 --> 00:25:24,509 goes moon and beyond but I if I would 469 00:25:30,200 --> 00:25:27,960 have to take a peek and make a choice as